Pioglitazone hydrochloride (AD 4833) is the hydrochloride salt of an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity.

PPARγ (human):0.93 μM (EC50), PPARγ (mouse):0.99 μM (EC50)

在雄性肥胖鼠中,口服 Pioglitazone（0.3-3 mg/kg）7天,能够以剂量依赖性的方式地降低高血糖症,高脂血症,和高胰岛素血症.

Pioglitazone 通过抑制iNOS的表达和NO的产生,保护多巴胺能神经元被LPS损伤。Pioglitazone也能够抑制脂多糖诱导的p38蛋白磷酸化。

In order to evaluate cell proliferation, HIT-T15 cells are seeded on 96-well plates (3×104 cells/well) and cultured for 5 days as described. Viable cells are determined using the Cell Titer 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay. To evaluate cell apoptosis and cell necrosis, HIT-T15 cells are plated on 6-well dishes (7×105 cells/well) for 5 days in standard conditions (CTR) or in the presence of AGEs (AGEs) with or without Pioglitazone (0.5 or 1 μM) or AG (1 mM). They are then processed to measure both the activity of caspase-3 and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (a stable cytosolic enzyme that is a marker of cell membrane damage and cell death due to necrosis) using Cytotox 96 Non Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay[2].